This article presents a systematic mapping of the literature on patient triage in the emergency department of hospitals using the smart devices of the Internet of Things. Method: For this, 533 articles were found in several sources of research; Where, after applying exclusion criteria, there were 16 articles were further analyzed. Result: We identified that most of the models propose a system, supporting the triage process through patient monitoring. Therefore, reducing the balance between the addition of devices used in relation to increasing system complexity and the development of international standards for the Internet of things are applications the main challenges. Conclusion: With this, we hope that this work represents a first step in supporting  researchers in the field studies and encourages them to extend this study.